Yasser H. Al-Tarazi 1, Hatim A. Elsheikh 2, Ehab A. Abu-Basha3* and Ahmad M. Al-Majali4
Department of Basic Veterinary Medical Sciences1&3 and Clinical Sciences4 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 3030, Irbid 22110, JORDAN
Research Centre, MBC#: J-04 King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre-Jeddah2
P.O. Box 40047 Jeddah 21499, Kingdom of Saudi-Arabia
ABSTRACT
The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of gentamicin sulphate (3 mg/kg body weight) were studied in 5 healthy male camels (Camelus dromedarius) after a single intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) administration according to a cross-over randomised design. Gentamicin concentrations were determined using a microbiological assay and Bacillus subtillis (ATCC 6633) as a test organism. The disposition curves were analysed using non-compartmental methods based on statistical moment theory. Following single IV administration, the elimination half-life (t1//2b), mean residence time (MRT), volume of distribution at steady state (Vdss), volume of distribution (Vdarea) and the total body clearance (ClB) were 5.98±0.42 h, 6.73±0.37 h, 0.28±0.02 l/kg, 0.36±0.02 l/kg and 0.71±0.02 ml/min/kg, respectively. After a single IM administration, the maximum plasma concentrations (Cmax) was 6.26±0.36 mg/ml achieved at (tmax) 2h post-injection time. The t1//2b, MRT, Vdarea, ClB and the absolute bioavailability (F) were 5.24±0.31 h, 7.87±0.35 h, 0.42±0.03 l/kg, 0.95±0.05 ml/min/kg and 75.56±4.92%, respectively. Based on these kinetics parameters, a dosage of 3 mg/kg by IM and IV administration every 24 h can be recommended for the treatment of bacterial infections in camels with MIC90 ³ 0.75 and 3.75 mg/ml, respectively.
Key words: Bacillus subtilis, bioavailability, camels, gentamicin, microbiological assay, pharmacokinetics
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