Camels and Camelids

EFFECTS OF ACUTE SYNOVITIS EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED BY AMPHOTERICIN-B ON THE BIOMARKERS OF CAMEL JOINT STRUCTURES

Journal Edition: August 2021
Article DOI: 10.5958/2277-8934.2021.00027.8
Published On: 27-07-2021 09:56

Fahd Al-Sobayil1 and Mohamed Tharwat1,2
1Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine,
Qassim University, P.O. Box 6622, Buraidah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
2Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
ABSTRACT


The major objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of acute synovitis on the joint structures (bone, articular cartilage and synovial membrane) through the evaluation of biomarkers of bone, cartilage and synovial membrane in dromedary camels. Acute synovitis was experimentally induced by injecting amphotericin-B (20 mg in 4 ml sterilised distilled water) in the intercarpal joints of eight dromedary camels (treatment group) and other eight camels were used as a control group. Synovial fluid samples were collected prior to injection and 7, 14, 21 and 28 days post injection. Inflammatory biomarkers (Prostaglandin E2) and biomarkers of bone (bone alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and pyridinum cross-links) and cartilage (Chondroitin sulfate 846 epitope, C-terminal propeptide of type II procollagen, sulfated glycosaminoglycans and hyaluronan) were determined in the synovial fluid samples. The results showed significant elevations in the inflammatory, articular cartilage and bone biomarkers in the synovial fluid from the treatment group compared to the controls. Elevations of bone resorption and formation biomarkers were late in compare to cartilage biomarkers. This study proved that amphotericin B is an appropriate drug to induce synovitis in the camel joints when injected intra-articular. According to the results of biomarker analysis, it can be concluded that cartilage degradation proceeds bone degradation in camel joint with synovitis. Within articular cartilage tissue, proteoglycan synthesis proceeds type II collagen formation.
Key words: Amphotericin-B, biomarkers, camel, joint, synovitis