S.K. Bhure1, S.C. Mehta2 and S. Raghvendar3
1Project Directorate on Animal Disease Monitoring and Surveillance, Hebbal, Bangalore- 560 024, Karnataka, India
2National Research Centre on Camel, Bikaner 334 001, Rajasthan, India
3Immunology Department, College of Biotechnology, Sardar Patel University of Agriculture and Technology,
Meerut, U.P.-250110, India
ABSTRACT
Camel milk proteins have pronounced differences in quantitative distribution of caseins as compared with other species. We have analysed the structural organisation of β-CSNGP 5’-flanking sequences of camel, bovine and porcine species. The camel β-CSNGP comprised of 1763bp of 5’-flanking region and 36bp of exon I sequence. The regulatory elements are distributed in 4 clusters between -1270 to -961,
- 892 to – 650, -523 to -230 and -152 to -11. The basal promoter showed the presence of TATA box, CAAT box, binding motifs for Oct 1, Oct 2, Oct 4, AP2, GR half, YY1, C/EBP and MGF/STAT5. The promoter had insertional sequences which are shown to be the binding sites for C/EBP and PRL. A camel β-casein enhancer region at -1762 to -1371 showed presence of transcription factor binding motifs for C/EBP, MGF/STAT5, GR half, Oct2, Oct3, AP1 and SP1. The overall comparison of structural organisation of camel β-CSNGP for key regulatory elements such as GR half, YY1, Oct1, Oct2, Oct3 and SP1 showed presence of multiple number of each transcription factor binding motif as compared to bovine species that may be resulting in higher ex
Key words: Camel, gene regulation, glucocorticoid, prolactin, transcription factor binding motifs,β-casein gene promoter (β-CSNGP)